Mpaka pano, njira zogwiritsira ntchito cryogenic zomwe zimafuna kutseka ma valve awiriawiri zakhala zikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya ma valve, makamaka ma globe valves ndi ma valve okhazikika/ma valve okhazikika pamwamba. Komabe, ndi chitukuko chabwino cha ma valve awiriawiri a cryogenic ball, opanga makina apeza njira yokongola kwambiri kuposa ma valve achikhalidwe a mpira-mavavu a mpira oyandamaIli ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi oyenda, ilibe choletsa pa kayendedwe ka madzi ndi njira yotsekera madzi, ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito mosamala m'malo ovuta. Ndipo kukula kwake ndi kochepa, kulemera kwake ndi kopepuka, ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta.
Zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito cryogenic zomwe zimafuna ma valve zimaphatikizapo malo olowera/kutulukira kwa matanki osungiramo zinthu kuti adzaze ndi kutulutsa, mapaipi opanda kanthu otsekedwa, kupondereza mpweya ndi madzi, mapaipi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana m'malo osungiramo zinthu a LNG, makina otumizira, ndi matanki, makina ogawa, malo opompa ndi malo odzaza mafuta a LNG, komanso ma valve achilengedwe (GVUs) okhudzana ndi injini zamafuta awiri m'zombo.
Muzochitika zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ma valve otseka mbali ziwiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ndikutseka madzi apakati. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina mongamavavu a mpira, ali ndi mavuto angapo:
Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi (Cv) ndi kochepa - izi zidzakhudza kusankha kwa mapaipi onse oyenera ndipo zidzakhala vuto lalikulu lomwe lingathe kuchepetsa mphamvu ya madzi m'thupi.
· Pakufunika kukonza ma actuator olunjika kuti agwire ntchito zotseka ndi kuwongolera - poyerekeza ndi ma actuator ozungulira a rectangular omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma valve a mpira ndi ma valve ena ozungulira a rectangular, mtundu uwu wa zida uli ndi kapangidwe kovuta kwambiri ndipo ndi wokwera mtengo. Mtengo ndi zovuta za kapangidwe ka seti yonse ya zida za valve ndi actuator ndizodziwika kwambiri.
· Ngati valavu yozimitsa ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokwaniritsa ntchito yozimitsa mwadzidzidzi yomwe imafunika ndi makina ambiri a LNG, zovuta zake zidzakhala zazikulu kwambiri.
Pa malo ang'onoang'ono a LNG (SSLNG), mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa adzakhala odziwikiratu, chifukwa machitidwewa ayenera kukhala ang'onoang'ono, otsika mtengo, komanso okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yoyendera kuti afupikitse nthawi yokweza ndi kutsitsa katundu.
Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'ma valve a mpira ndi kwakukulu kuposa kwa valavu yozungulira ya kukula komweko. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi yaying'ono popanda kukhudza kuchuluka kwa madzi m'ma valve. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukula, kulemera ndi mtengo wa makina onse opachikira mapaipi komanso makina onse zimachepa kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, zimatha kuwonjezera kwambiri phindu la ndalama (ROI) la makina ena ofanana.
Zachidziwikire, ma valve okhazikika a cryogenic float ball ndi a mbali imodzi, zomwe sizili zoyenera pazochitika zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zomwe zimafuna kutseka ma valve a mbali ziwiri.
Njira imodzi vs Njira ziwiri
Monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1, valavu yoyandama ya mpira wa cryogenic ili ndi dzenje lochepetsera kupanikizika kumbali yakumtunda kwa mpira wa valavu kuti ipewe kupanikizika kuti kusasonkhanike ndikukwera pamene cholumikiziracho chikusintha gawo. Vavu ikatsekedwa, mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka womwe uli m'kati mwa thupi la valavu umayamba kuphwanyika ndikufalikira, ndipo voliyumuyo imatha kufika nthawi 600 kuposa voliyumu yoyambirira itatha kukulitsidwa kwathunthu, zomwe zingayambitse valavu kuphulika. Pofuna kupewa izi, mavalavu ambiri oyandama a mpira wagwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera kupanikizika yotsegulira m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Chifukwa cha izi, mavalavu achikhalidwe a mpira sangagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mikhalidwe yomwe imafuna kutseka mbali ziwiri.
Ndipo apa ndi pomwe valavu yoyandama ya cryogenic ya njira ziwiri imatha kuwonetsa luso lake. Kusiyana pakati pa valavu iyi ndi valavu yodziwika bwino ya cryogenic ya njira imodzi ndi:
· Palibe kutsegula pa mpira wa valavu kuti muchepetse kupanikizika
· Imatha kutseka madzi mbali zonse ziwiri
· Palibe kutsegula pa mpira wa valavu kuti muchepetse kupanikizika
· Imatha kutseka madzi mbali zonse ziwiri
Mu valavu yoyandama ya cryogenic ya njira ziwiri, mpando wa valavu wodzaza ndi kasupe wa njira ziwiri umalowa m'malo mwa njira yochepetsera kupanikizika kwa mpweya wotuluka m'mwamba. Mpando wa valavu wodzaza ndi kasupe ukhoza kutulutsa kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumapangidwa ndi mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka womwe uli mkati mwa thupi la valavu, motero kuletsa valavu kuti isaphulike, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 2.
Kuphatikiza apo, mpando wa valavu wodzaza ndi kasupe umathandiza kuti valavuyo ikhale ndi mphamvu yochepa komanso kuti igwire bwino ntchito munthawi ya cryogenic.
Valavu yoyandama ya cryogenic yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri ili ndi mphete yotsekera ya graphite yachiwiri, kotero kuti vavuyo ikhale ndi ntchito yoteteza moto. Pokhapokha ngati ngozi yoopsa yapangitsa kuti magawo a polymer a valavuyo ayake, chisindikizo chachiwiri sichingakhudze cholumikiziracho. Pakachitika ngozi, chisindikizo chachiwiri chidzakwaniritsa ntchito yoteteza moto.
Ubwino wa ma valve a njira ziwiri
Poyerekeza ndi ma valve a globe, ma valve a mpira okhazikika komanso okwera pamwamba, valavu ya mpira woyandama wa cryogenic wa njira ziwiri ili ndi ubwino wonse wa valavu ya mpira yothamanga kwambiri, ndipo palibe choletsa pa njira yamadzimadzi ndi yotsekera. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala m'mikhalidwe ya cryogenic; kukula kwake ndi kochepa ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta. Cholumikizira chofananira nachonso ndi chosavuta (kuzungulira kwa ngodya yakumanja) komanso chopangidwa pang'ono. Ubwino uwu umatanthauza kuti dongosolo lonse ndi laling'ono, lopepuka, komanso lotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Poyerekeza ndi ma valve a globe, ma valve a mpira okhazikika komanso okwera pamwamba, valavu ya mpira woyandama wa cryogenic wa njira ziwiri ili ndi ubwino wonse wa valavu ya mpira yothamanga kwambiri, ndipo palibe choletsa pa njira yamadzimadzi ndi yotsekera. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala m'mikhalidwe ya cryogenic; kukula kwake ndi kochepa ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta. Cholumikizira chofananira nachonso ndi chosavuta (kuzungulira kwa ngodya yakumanja) komanso chopangidwa pang'ono. Ubwino uwu umatanthauza kuti dongosolo lonse ndi laling'ono, lopepuka, komanso lotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Gome 1 likuyerekeza valavu yoyandama ya cryogenic ya mbali ziwiri ndi mavalavu ena omwe ali ndi ntchito zofanana malinga ndi kukonza, kukula, kulemera, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kuvutika kulamulira, ndi mtengo wonse, ndipo limafotokoza mwachidule zabwino ndi zovuta zake.
Ngati malo ang'onoang'ono a LNG aphwanya njira yolumikizirana ndikugwiritsa ntchito valavu ya mpira ya cryogenic ya njira ziwiri, ingathandize kwambiri ubwino wapadera wa valavu ya mpira, kutanthauza kuti, mulifupi mwake wonse, kuthamanga kwa madzi ambiri komanso kuthamanga kwa madzi ambiri. Ponena za izi, imatha kuthandizira mapaipi ang'onoang'ono pomwe ikusunga kuthamanga komweko, kotero imatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka, kulemera, ndi zovuta za dongosololi, komanso ingachepetsenso mtengo wa dongosolo la mapaipi.
Nkhani yapitayi idafotokoza ubwino wogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati valavu yozimitsa. Ngati igwiritsidwa ntchito ngati valavu yowongolera, ubwino wake udzakhala woonekera bwino. Ngati valavu yozungulira ya mpira yozungulira yamanja igwiritsidwa ntchito, zovuta za zida zodziyimira zokha za valve zidzachepa kwambiri, kotero zakhala chinthu chosankha pamakina a cryogenic.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zili mu zida zodziyimira pawokha zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ndi valavu yosavuta komanso yothandiza ya mpira woyandama wa njira ziwiri, ndi chowongolera chozungulira cha rectangular chokhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta komanso kotsika mtengo.
Mwachidule, valavu ya mpira woyandama wa cryogenic yokhala ndi njira ziwiri ili ndi tanthauzo "lowononga" pamakina a mapaipi a cryogenic. M'malo ang'onoang'ono a LNG, imatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zabwino zake.
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, chinthu chatsopanochi chatsimikiziridwa kuti chikugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti chili ndi phindu lalikulu pa mtengo wa polojekitiyi komanso momwe dongosololi likuyendera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-17-2021