Kulimba kwa mipira 4
Chovala chofunika kwambiri chotsekera mipandomavavu a mpirandi polytetraoxyethylene (PTFE), yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi mankhwala onse, ndipo ili ndi coefficient yochepa ya kukangana, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika, yosakalamba mosavuta, kutentha kosiyanasiyana komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso magwiridwe antchito otsekera. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri. Komabe, mawonekedwe enieni a PTFE, kuphatikiza coefficient yayikulu yokulitsa, kukhudzidwa ndi kuyenda kozizira komanso kutentha kotsika, zimafuna kuti mapangidwe a zisindikizo za mpando wa valve aziyang'ana kwambiri pa makhalidwe awa. Zipangizo zapulasitiki za chisindikizo cha mpando wa valve zimaphatikizaponso PTFE yodzazidwa, nayiloni ndi zinthu zina zambiri. Komabe, zinthu zotsekera zikalimba, kudalirika kwa chisindikizocho kudzawonongeka, makamaka pankhani ya kusiyana kochepa kwa kuthamanga. Kuphatikiza apo, rabala yopangidwa monga mphira wa butyl ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati zinthu zotsekera mpando wa valve, koma mankhwala ake ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wapakati ndi kutentha ndi ochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati sing'angayo siwotchedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito rabala yopangidwa kumatha kudzaza mpirawo.
Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale monga kutentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, kukokoloka kwamphamvu, moyo wautali, ndi zina zotero, ma valve a mpira otsekedwa ndi zitsulo apangidwa kwambiri m'zaka khumi zapitazi. Makamaka m'maiko otukuka, monga United States, Italy, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, ndi zina zotero, kapangidwe ka valavu ya mpira kakhala kakusintha nthawi zonse, ndipo pakhala ma valve a mpira olumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi thupi lonse, ma valve okweza mpira, ndi ma valve a mpira m'mapaipi akutali, zida zoyeretsera mafuta, ndi zina zotero. Malo opangira mafakitale amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, okhala ndi ma valve a mpira aatali (3050mm), kuthamanga kwambiri (70MPa) ndi kutentha kwakukulu (-196 ~ 8159C) akuwonekera, kotero kuti ukadaulo wa valavu ya mpira wafika pamlingo watsopano.
5 Kapangidwe ndi kupanga ma valve a mpira
Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito Computer Aided Design (CAD), Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) ndi Mulberry Manufacturing System (FMS) mumakampani opanga ma valve, kapangidwe ndi kupanga ma valve a mpira kwafika pamlingo watsopano. Sikuti yangopanga njira yowerengera ma valve yokha, komanso yachepetsa ntchito yolemetsa komanso yobwerezabwereza ya akatswiri ndi akatswiri, kuti akatswiri akhale ndi mphamvu zambiri zowongolera, kukonza magwiridwe antchito azinthu ndi kupanga zinthu zatsopano, ndikufupikitsa nthawi yofufuza ndi kupanga zinthu zatsopano. , Kukweza zokolola zantchito m'njira yonse, komanso pakufufuza ndi kupanga valavu yokweza zitsulo yamtundu wa ndodo, chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito CAD/CAM, valavu yayikulu yozungulira yopangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makompyuta ndi zida zamakina a CNC othandizidwa ndi makompyuta yawonekera, yomwe ndi chisindikizo chachitsulo. Vavu ya mpira ilibe mikwingwirima ndi kuwonongeka panthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka, kotero kuti magwiridwe antchito otseka ndi moyo wautumiki wa valavu ya mpira zimawonjezeka kwambiri. Vavu ya mpira ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu, kukana kwa madzi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi kofanana ndi zero, kotero valavu ya mpira yofanana ndi mainchesi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi chifukwa ndikosavuta kuyeretsa payipi. Chifukwa mpira wa valavu ya mpira umapukutidwa panthawi yotsegula ndi kutseka, mavalavu ambiri a mpira angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo olumikizirana okhala ndi tinthu tolimba tomwe timapachikidwa. Kutengera ndi zinthu zomwe zili mu mphete yotsekera, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito mu ufa ndi granular media.
Nthawi 6 zogwiritsira ntchito ma valve a mpira
Popeza valavu ya mpira nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mphira, nayiloni ndi polytetraoxyethylene ngati mphete yotsekera mpando, kutentha kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumachepetsa ndi mphete yotsekera mpando ya valavu. Kudula kwa m'lifupi mwa mpira kumachitika chifukwa cha mpira wachitsulo womwe umakanikizidwa pakati pa mipando ya valavu ya pulasitiki pansi pa mphamvu ya medium (valavu yoyandama). Pansi pa mphamvu inayake yokhudzana, mphete yotsekera mpando ya valavu imasinthasintha mozungulira komanso mozungulira m'malo ena. Kusintha kumeneku kumatha kubweza kulondola kwa kupanga ndi kukhwima kwa pamwamba pa mpira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti valavu ya mpira ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, popeza mphete yotsekera mpando wa valavu ya mpira nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, posankha kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a valavu ya mpira, ndikofunikira kuganizira kukana moto ndi kukana moto kwa valavu ya mpira, makamaka m'magawo amafuta, mankhwala, zitsulo ndi zina, m'malo oyaka moto ndi ophulika. Kugwiritsa ntchito mavalavu a mpira mu zida ndi mapaipi ku United States kuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kukana moto ndi kupewa moto.
Kawirikawiri, posintha malo awiri, kugwira ntchito molimbika, matope, kusweka, njira yotsekera khosi, kutsegula ndi kutseka mwachangu (kutsegula ndi kutseka 1/4), kudula kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya (kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mpweya), phokoso lochepa, kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi nthunzi, Mu makina opangira mapaipi okhala ndi kutuluka pang'ono kwa mpweya mumlengalenga, mphamvu yochepa yogwirira ntchito komanso kukana madzi pang'ono, ma valve a mpira amalimbikitsidwa.
Ma valve a mpira ndi oyeneranso pamakina a mapaipi okhala ndi mawonekedwe opepuka, odulidwa pang'ono (kusiyana pang'ono kwa kuthamanga), komanso malo osungira zinthu zowononga.
Ma valve a mpira angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pazida zotentha zochepa (cryogenic) ndi makina a mapaipi.
Mu dongosolo la mapaipi a okosijeni la makampani opanga zitsulo, ma valve a mpira omwe athandizidwa mwamphamvu kuchotsa mafuta amafunika.
Pamene mizere yayikulu mu mapaipi a mafuta ndi gasi ikufunika kukwiriridwa pansi pa nthaka, ma valve a mpira olumikizidwa ndi mainchesi onse amafunika.
Pakufunika kusintha magwiridwe antchito, valavu ya mpira yokhala ndi kapangidwe kapadera yokhala ndi potsegulira kofanana ndi V iyenera kusankhidwa.
Mu mafuta, petrochemical, mankhwala, magetsi, ndi zomangamanga za m'mizinda, ma valve otsekedwa a mpira kuchokera ku chitsulo kupita ku chitsulo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mapaipi okhala ndi kutentha kopitilira 200°C.
Mfundo 7 zogwiritsira ntchito ma valve a mpira
Pa mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe, mapaipi omwe amafunika kutsukidwa, ndikukwiriridwa pansi, gwiritsani ntchito ma valve a mpira opindika ndi opindika; kuti muyike pansi, sankhani ma valve a mpira opindika kapena opindika; mapaipi a nthambi, Sankhani kulumikizana kwa flange, kulumikizana kwa welding, valavu ya mpira yopindika kapena yochepetsedwa.
Pa payipi yonyamulira ndi zida zosungiramo mafuta oyeretsedwa, gwiritsani ntchito ma valve a mpira opindika.
Pa mapaipi a gasi ndi gasi wachilengedwe mumzinda, gwiritsani ntchito ma valve oyandama okhala ndi cholumikizira cha flange ndi cholumikizira chamkati cha ulusi.
Mu dongosolo la mapaipi a okosijeni mu dongosolo la zitsulo, valavu yokhazikika ya mpira yomwe yachitidwa chithandizo chokhwima cha kuchotsa mafuta ndi kulumikizana kwa flange iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pa makina ndi zipangizo zoyezera mapaipi zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kochepa, ma valve a mpira omwe amakhala ndi kutentha kochepa okhala ndi maboneti ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mu makina oyezera mapaipi a chipangizo choyezera mafuta, valavu ya mpira yofanana ndi lifter ingasankhidwe.
Mu zida ndi mapaipi opangira zinthu zowononga monga asidi ndi alkali m'makina a mankhwala, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve onse achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic ndi polytetraoxyethylene ngati mpando ndi mphete yotsekera.
Ma valve otsekera zitsulo kuchokera ku zitsulo kupita ku zitsulo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'machitidwe a mapaipi kapena zida zogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kwambiri m'makina a zitsulo, makina amagetsi, kuyika kwa petrochemical, ndi makina otenthetsera m'mizinda.
Ngati pakufunika kusintha kayendedwe ka madzi, valavu yoyendetsera magiya a nyongolotsi, valavu ya mpira wa pneumatic kapena yamagetsi yokhala ndi kutsegula kooneka ngati V ingasankhidwe.