Zoyendetsa zamagetsi ndi za pneumaticza ma valve apaipi: Zikuoneka kuti mitundu iwiri ya ma actuator ndi yosiyana kwambiri, ndipo kusankha kuyenera kupangidwa malinga ndi gwero lamagetsi lomwe likupezeka pamalo oyika. Koma kwenikweni lingaliro ili ndi lokondera. Kuwonjezera pa kusiyana kwakukulu komanso koonekeratu, alinso ndi zinthu zingapo zapadera zomwe sizikuonekeratu.

Ma actuator amagetsi ndi pneumatic ndi njira ziwiri zoyendetsera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makina odziyimira pawokha. Nthawi zambiri, chisankho chosankha cha actuator chimapangidwa mu gawo loyambira la kapangidwe, ndipo chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wonse mutakhazikitsa.

Posankha mtundu wa mphamvu ya actuator, anthu nthawi zambiri saganizira za magawo a njira yopangira zinthu munjira, koma amangoyang'ana kwambiri zinthu zowunikira zamkati mwa wopanga, momwe magetsi alili, kapena ngati malowo angapereke mpweya wambiri wokonzedwa kale.

Komabe, pakugwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kuti ma valve ena amafunika kukhala ndi ma actuator, kapena magawo a njira yogwirira ntchito m'ma valve ena amasintha. Funso limabuka: Kodi ndiyenera kusunga actuator yoyambirira kapena kuisintha ndi actuator ina kuti ndiwongolere magwiridwe antchito?

Moyo wautali wautumiki

Nkhaniyi ifotokoza ndikuyerekeza makhalidwe akuluakulu a magwiridwe antchito a ma actuator amagetsi ndi a pneumatic.

Muzochitika zachizolowezi, opanga adzatsimikizira ma cycle operating 10,000 a ma actuator amagetsi ndi ma cycle operating 100,000 a ma actuator a pneumatic. Mwachionekere, ponena za kuchuluka kwa ma cycle operating, pneumatic actuator imakhala ndi moyo wautali chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, pamwamba pa friction contact ya pneumatic actuator imapangidwa ndi elastomer kapena polymer, ndipo ma O-rings ndi zinthu zoyendetsera pulasitiki zomwe zawonongeka ndizosavuta kuzisintha.

Monga choyatsira magetsi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala bokosi lochepetsera kuchokera ku mota kupita ku shaft yotulutsa. Pali magiya ambiri omwe amalumikizana, omwe amatha nthawi yogwira ntchito. Ndikofunikiranso kudziwa kuti palibe chifukwa chosinthira mafuta opaka mkati mwa moyo wonse wa choyatsira mpweya.

Mphamvu

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya ma valve a pipeline ndi torque. Torque ya actuator yamagetsi imadalira kapangidwe kake (constant component) ndi voltage yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa stator. Torque ya actuator ya pneumatic imadalira kapangidwe kake (constant component) ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya woperekedwa ku actuator ya pneumatic.

Kawirikawiri, mphamvu ya actuator iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yayikulu ya valavu, kapena yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yomwe imafunika kuti chinthu chotseka chizimitsidwe. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, mphamvu yeniyeni ya valavu ikhoza kukhala yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yayikulu yomwe yatchulidwa ndi chizindikiro cha wopanga, komanso yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yayikulu ya actuator. Mosakayikira izi ndi zadzidzidzi.

Ngati mupitiliza kuyendetsa actuator, ikhoza kuwononga actuator ndi valavu. Ngati torque ya valavu ikukwera, mota idzawonjezera torque pang'onopang'ono mpaka itafika pamtengo wokokera (mtengo wokokera). Izi zikutanthauza kuti kapangidwe ka makina kamakakamizika kutulutsa ndi kupirira torque yochulukirapo kuposa momwe kapangidwe kake kalili.

Chitetezo cha torque yoposa

Pofuna kupewa kuti zipangizo zisawonongeke pansi pa mikhalidwe yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, choyatsira magetsi chikhoza kukhala ndi zida zapadera. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi chosinthira mphamvu, chomwe chingakhale chamakina (mfundo yodziwika bwino yogwira ntchito ndi yakuti zida za nyongolotsi zimayenda molunjika mu mkhalidwe wa over-torque); chingakhalenso chamagetsi (mfundo yodziwika bwino ndiyo kuyeza stator current, kapena Hall effect.). Pamene torque ipitirira mtengo wapamwamba wopangidwira, chosinthira mphamvu chikhoza kudula voltage ya stator ndikuyimitsa actuator motor. Palibe chifukwa chotetezera over-torque mu pneumatic actuators. Ngati torque yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa valavu ipitirira malire omwe atchulidwa, mawonekedwe enieni a mpweya wopanikizika adzapangitsa kuti pneumatic actuator isiye kuyendetsa. Mosiyana ndi actuators zamagetsi, output torque ya pneumatic actuators siipitirira malire a kapangidwe. Zingaganizidwe kuti ngati valavu yapaipi ili ndi pneumatic actuator, chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa zida chifukwa cha torque yopitirira mtengo womwe watchulidwa chimachotsedwa.

Kapangidwe kosaphulika

Ngati pali zinthu zoopsa pamalo ogwiritsira ntchito, zida zamagetsi zitha kuyambitsa kuphulika. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa chitetezo ndi njira zotetezera pamalo oopsa, sizikuphatikizidwa munkhaniyi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malo.

Komabe, ndikofunikirabe kutsindika kuti zida zosaphulika ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe ali ndi zinthu zoopsa.

Poyerekeza ndi ma actuator amagetsi wamba, ma actuator amagetsi osaphulika a ma valve a mapaipi ndi okwera mtengo komanso ovuta kupanga. Ngakhale ngati actuator ya pneumatic ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo oopsa, palibe chiopsezo cha kuphulika. Kwa ma actuator a pneumatic, kapangidwe kapadera ka malo oopsa kalinso ndi ma positioners, ma solenoid valves ndi ma switch a limit (Chithunzi 1-3). Mofananamo, ngati actuator ya pneumatic yokhala ndi chowonjezera chosaphulika ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa valavu ya mapaipi, mtengo wake udzakhala wotsika kwambiri kuposa wa actuator yamagetsi yosaphulika yokhala ndi ntchito yomweyo.

Kuyika malo

Ma actuator a pneumatic ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Pamene actuator ifika pakati pa stroke, malo ake amakhala ovuta kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti malo a spool ya valavu yowongolera amakhala ovuta kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mpweya, kulondola kwa malo a ma actuator a pneumatic kumakhala kotsika kangapo kuposa kwa ma actuator amagetsi. Ngati actuator yamagetsi ikugwiritsa ntchito mota yoyendera, kulondola kwake kwa malo kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kwa actuator ya pneumatic yokhala ndi positioner. Yomalizayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha pamakina omwe safuna kulondola kwa malo apamwamba kapena kulondola kowongolera. Ma actuator a pneumatic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma valve a mapaipi ali ndi mawonekedwe ake pakupanga kapangidwe kake: zigawo zonse za dongosolo lowongolera zimayikidwa pamwamba pa actuator, kapena kunja kwa kapangidwe kake. Ngati mukufuna kusintha mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito kuchokera ku off kupita ku control, muyenera kusintha solenoid valve ndi positioner. Popeza zigawo ziwirizi zimayikidwa kunja kwa actuator ya pneumatic, ndipo kapangidwe ka malo olumikizirana ndi kofanana, ndikosavuta kuchotsa chogawa ndikuyika positioner. Mwanjira ina, actuator ya pneumatic yomweyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito potseka ndi kuwongolera posintha zowonjezera zoyenera (Chithunzi 1-2).